Synthetic biology offers distinct advantages in paclitaxel production: microbial fermentation or plant cell culture eliminates reliance on Taxus tree bark (traditional extraction requires deforestation), enabling sustainable production with a 50% cost reduction and shorter cycles. Purity reaches ≥99%, surpassing traditional extraction (95%-98%), with fewer impurities. Quality-wise, synthetic products meet strict pharmaceutical standards, including tighter control of related substances, lower heavy metals (lead ≤1mg/kg, arsenic ≤1mg/kg), and microbial limits (total colonies ≤100CFU/g), ensuring batch consistency and suitability for large-scale, standardized manufacturing.